Zater Capital fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

Zater Capital’s website domain (“zatercapital.com”), was first registered in 2017. The private registration was last updated on July 26th, 2025.

Note that Zater Capital’s website went live in or around November 2024. The company as represented on Zater Capital’s website didn’t exist before this.

Zater Capital’s official marketing cites Ronald Cartey as CEO:

Cartey, aka Ron Cartey, is a serial fraudster last known to be based out of Pattaya, Thailand.

Fraudulent MLM crypto schemes Cartey is associated with and/or promoted include YoCoin (2016), 3T Networks (2018), Elef World (2022) MayoTrade (2022) and 9xProfits (2023).

Note that list isn’t definitive, it’s only what has been tracked on BehindMLM.

Update 29th July 2025 – I originally thought this was another hoax but the following was posted to Jenna Zwagil’s official FaceBook page and YouTube channel.

About a week ago Ron Cartey cashed out and split. This left Jenna Zwagil in charge as Zater Capital’s new CEO:

Zwagil was previously Zater Capital’s “Strategic Growth Advisor” and “Corporate Development” (?):

Zwagil is/was the wife of Josh Zwagil, who together were once known as the co-owners of My Daily Choice.

More recently, the Zwagil’s have gone on a securities and commodities fraud arc. This has seen Josh in particular push various several trading schemes.

I’m noting Josh Zwagil cites himself as a “single father” on social media. Jenna Zwagil also cites herself as “single”.

Not sure when that happened but it appears to be a recent development. What impact this has on the Zwagil’s various business activities is unclear.

In addition to AkashX, which is part of My Daily Choice and run by the Zwagils (note Jenna has been wiped from MDC’s website), Josh has also been tied to Eaconomy and Iqonic.

Josh is believed to provide trading development services to companies through his Delaware registered company, MLM Protec LLC. Jenna’s involvement in Zater Capital suggests Josh is likely also involved.

In May 2025, New Zealands FMA issued an AkashX securities fraud warning. /end update

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

Givas fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

Givas’ website domain (“givas.org”), was privately registered on December 12th, 2024.

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

Back in January BehindMLM reviewed what at the time was Vyb’s prelaunch.

We were unimpressed with what was an obvious pump and dump pyramid scheme.

Following multiple hiccups, Vyb went on to launch with its pyramid scheme model in February 2025.

Vyb’s first launch flopped, prompting co-owner Aundray Russell announced a new May 5th Vyb relaunch date.

Vyb’s relaunch also flopped. This prompted Russell to announce a May 15th Vyb re-relaunch date.

Fast forward to today and Vyb does appear to have re-relaunched on the domain “thevyb.io”.

Danny de Hek wrote in to advise mid-May that Vyb had changed its business model during one of its re-relaunches.

Today we’re visiting Vyb for an updated post-launch review. [Continue reading…]

MTS Foundation fails to provide ownership or executive information on any of its websites.

MTS Foundation operates from two known website domains:

1. mts-foundation.com – privately registered on November 11th, 2024 (already abandoned)
2. mts-foundation-usa.com – privately registered on February 28th, 2024

MTS Foundation is intertwined with ToFro, a purported cryptocurrency exchange.

It’s highly likely the same people behind MTS Foundation are running ToFro.

ToFro operates from five known website domains:

1. tofro.com – domain first registered in 2006, private registration last updated on July 21st, 2025 (already abandoned)
2. tofro.pro – privately registered on July 21st, 2024
3. tofrod.com – privately registered on September 4th, 2024
4. tofro-usa.com – privately registered on November 13th, 2024
5. tofro5.com – privately registered on February 1st, 2025

It’s possible MTS Foundation and ToFro are using additional website domains not listed above.

If we look at the source-code of MTS Foundation’s website, we find reference to “Carlyle Group”:

Carlyle Group is a US investment firm that has nothing to do with MTS Foundation. It appears MTS Foundation has stolen Carlyle Group’s website design:

It should be assumed that everything MTS Foundation’s website is baloney.

Meanwhile the ToFro websites are hosted on Alibaba:

This suggests whoever is running MTS Foundation and ToFro has ties to China.

MTS Foundation has already attracted the attention of financial regulators. The Netherland’s AMF issued an MTS Foundation fraud warning on June 16th, 2025.

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

MainetX fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

MainetX’s website domain (“mainetx.com”), was registered with what appears to be bogus details on January 22nd, 2025.

The state/province field on MainetX’s domain registration is Dubai. The country field is Romania.

As documented by BehindMLM reader Melanie back in May, since deleted MainetX marketing videos cite Ciprian Ciceu as CEO of the company.

Ciceu began his Ponzi scamming with Be Trader, an MLM crypto trading ruse Ponzi pitching 20% to 40% monthly returns.

BeTrader launched in or around July 2019 and collapsed in October 2019.

After BeTrader Ciceu launched BeTrader Academy, a shitcoin Ponzi scheme. BeTrader Academy’s collapse prompted the launch of Mainet in 2022.

Mainet was more of the same from Ciceu, pitching consumers on a 0.75% daily ROI. Through local promoters, Mainet found an audience of gullible investors in France and Côte d’Ivoire.

France’s AMF blacklisted Mainet for fraud in May 2023. That same month Mainet disabled investor withdrawals and collapsed.

Earlier this year BehindMLM documented Mainet Funded. Launched sometime after late 2023, Mainet Funded saw Cipreu continue to defraud consumers under Mainet branding.

Sometime after April 2025, Mainet Funded website hosting account was suspended.

This brings us to MainetX, the fifth reboot of Ciceu’s original BeTrader Ponzi scheme.

As per the Terms and Conditions on MainetX’s website, it operates through the Dubai shell company “Mainet Prop Firm Services FZCO”. This tracks with Ciceu still hiding out in Dubai.

Due to the proliferation of scams and failure to enforce securities fraud regulation, BehindMLM ranks Dubai as the MLM crime capital of the world.

BehindMLM’s guidelines for Dubai are:

1. If someone lives in Dubai and approaches you about an MLM opportunity, they’re trying to scam you.
2. If an MLM company is based out of or represents it has ties to Dubai, it’s a scam.

If you want to know specifically how this applies to MainetX, read on for a full review.

[Continue reading…]

TAR Global fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

TAR Global operates from two known website domains:

1. targlobal.org – privately registered on January 8th, 2025
2. targlobal.info – privately registered on March 6th, 2025

Of note is TAR Global’s official Facebook page being managed from the Philippines:

This suggests that whoever is running TAR Global has ties to the Philippines.

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

TraydAI fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

Clicking the “our team” link of TradyAI’s website redirects to Crunchbase. There TraydAI provides a cast of fictional executives represented by what appears to be AI-generated or stolen avatars:

Over on YouTube we find an actor with an eastern European accent pretending to be CEO “Davey Osorio”:

“Davey Osorio” is a Boris CEO played by Satskov Andrey Evgenievich (Сацков Андрей Евгеньевич).

Evgenievich is a freelance translator based out of Moscow.

TraydAI’s website domain (“tradyai.org”), was privately registered on October 30th, 2024.

In an attempt to appear legitimate, TradyAI provides a corporate address in Ontario, Canada on its website.

The address is owned by Davinci Virtual Office. This appears to be an attempt to hide TraydAI’s ties to Russia.

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

PassPass operates in the ecommerce discounts MLM niche.

The company is based out of the US and headed up by co-founders Edgel Groves Jr. (CEO) and Kristopher Groves (President).

As far as I can tell, Edgel Groves doesn’t have any prior MLM experience. Kristopher Groves is a former Kyani promoter.

PassPass is run through PassPass LLC, a purported Texas registered company.

Read on for a full review of PassPass’ MLM opportunity. [Continue reading…]

Thrive99X fails to provide ownership or executive information on its website.

Thrive99X operates from two known website domains:

1. thrive99x.com – privately registered on December 26th, 2024 (already abandoned)
2. thrive99x.io – privately registered on April 8th, 2025

Thrive99X launched on or around April 22nd. The company maintains social media profiles on both Instagram and TikTok. All of Thrive99X’s promotional content is in Spanish.

In one marketing video, purportedly showing off a Thrive99X marketing event held in Panama last month, we find Juan Carlos Reynoso.

Juan Carlos Reynoso is a serial fraudster, primarily responsible for losses across Central and South America.

Reynoso was a top promoter of the collapsed OmegaPro Ponzi scheme, which led to his arrest in Florida on June 30th.

In court filings, the DOJ noted Reynoso last used his Peruvian passport on June 13th. It’s assumed this is related to the recent Thrive99X marketing event.

Prior to OmegaPro, Reynoso was involved in AirBit Club, Crypto World Evolution, iComTech and TeaMiner.

Another attendee of Thrive99X’s June 2025 marketing event was Alejandra Viteri.

On social media, Viteri cites herself as a “digital creator”, “investor” and “manifestor”.

Viteri is also behind Viteri Studio, an “eyebrow specialist” business based out of Medellin, Colombia.

Viteri Studio appears to have been abandoned in or around 2022.

One last name worth noting is Noach Kettler Yakowitz.

From 2018 to 2022, Yakowitz was a General Manager at Ecoondas SAS, a Colombian wholesale precious metals retailer.

Circa 2022 Yakowitz reinvented himself as a crypto bro. In August 2022 Yakowitz co-founded Alternun, a crypto scheme that claims it wants to “revolutionize the gold mining industry”.

As of January 2025, Yakowitz is also Chief Business Officer at Futswap.

On its website Futswap states it

offers a variety of products such as Trust account and digital asset management, payment processors, digital wallets, custodian and financial cards.

Whether Futswap is providing financial services to Thrive99X is unclear.

Also unclear is whether Juan Carlos Reynoso is working with Russians.

Towards the bottom of the “marketing system” section of Thrive99X’s website, we find a link to a “ready to go marketing system”:

If we follow this link we’re sent to “sx3digital.com”. The root domain is disabled but a registration page remains active:

The marketing platform is of little interest. What’s of note is the “welcome to profitclub.io” message on the top right.

That domain is disabled. Through the WayBack Machine though, we can see it was once a crypto investment scheme pitching up to 52% annually.

As you can see above, Profit Club’s website defaulted to Russian. This suggests whoever Reynoso is working with has ties to eastern Europe (typically Russia, Ukraine and/or Belarus).

In the footer of Thrive99X’s website we find a message claiming “design, development and hosting by GorillaSH.com”. That domain is defunct so the message is likely a red herring.

Just to cover my bases, a visit to the Wayback Machine reveals when the GorillaSH domain was active, it was represented to offer “custom web-based software designed and developed in the USA since 2011.

No ownership details were provided.

In what might be another red herring, Thrive99X’s website Terms and Condition state:

This agreement is governed by the laws of California. Any disputes must be resolved in California courts and conducted in English.

As always, if an MLM company is not openly upfront about who is running or owns it, think long and hard about joining and/or handing over any money. [Continue reading…]

Metamask has flagged DAO1’s website domain as “potentially deceptive”.

Metamask, a US-based software company, markets itself as the “leading crypto wallet platform”.

Consumers can connect their Metamask wallets to participate in DAO1’s unregistered investment scheme.

In or around early to mid July, Metamask began flagging DAO1’s website as “might be harmful”. [Continue reading…]